Oil-burner.



C. R. WASSELL.

GEL BURNER.

APPUCATIUN HLED OCT. 2, 1915.

Patented Aug. G, 1918.

4 SHEETSSHEETI [nu @Word Z f/ @www Z gine/sae@ C. R WASSELL.

UIL BURNER.

APPUCAHON mED oc4 2, 191s.

1,274,644. Patented Aug. la, 1918.

4 SHlllSr-SHEET 2.

C. Rk WASSELL.

on BURNER.

APPUCATIQN FILED OCT. 2. |915 latvnted Aug. 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3 C. Rl WASSELL.

UIL BURNER.

APPLICAUQN man 091219K.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

'to rnrbonize with the eoiiseipienl plugging UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CLIFFORD R. WASSELL, 0F CHICAGO., ILLINOIS. .ASSIGNOB T0 HIMSELF, ELMEE'C. JENSEN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, WILLIAM H. WINSLOW, 0F RIVER FOREST, ILLINOIS, AND CHARLES A. BROWN, 0F HINSDALE, ILLINOIS.

OIL-BURNER.

To all who/n 'it may romarin:

Ile it known thnt l, ('inrroun Il. VVASSELL, u eitizeii ot' the United States, residing :it hienggfo` in the County of Cook und State of Illinois, here invented u eeitiiin new und useful Iinprovemeiit in ()il- Burners, of Wliieh the followingr is :i full, elezir; concise, und exziet desrription, iefereiiee being hud to the neeompnnyinerd drawings, i'ormingiu pni't of this slieeilientioii.

My invention provides :in improved oil burner.

In the following speeifieulion und :iem eompnnying drawings l shull deseribe und -xplnin .i spe'eilie tipe of burner such ns is eoristrueted for u. fonder :i stenni :intoinobile boiler of the .Stanley type, but it is disA tinetly to be understood that this is for the purpose of explaining the prineiples of my invention und not for limitingr the sume. lVhile the arrangement of the nppzirntus is suelrzis vto present :i miiximuni of utility in the ubore situation, it is to be understood that this to be varied to suit individual ronditions.

In burners of this type it is neeeesztry to riiporize the oil and mix it with the nir nee ess-ery tosu port combustion und burn the mixture wit 1 ii blue thune in order to obtiiin Short hot tln'nie, which will eoniplete eombustion within they short distunee. iivnilnlile in the limited spnee devoted to this pnrt of the nppnrutus.

The problem of vnporizinnr und burning: kerosene oil or oils of thnt type present great ditliriiltie:;. Due to the grenier density :ind higher lioiliiner point of kerosene, nttenipts lo rnporize :ind burn siiid type of oil have been `generally uueueeessfullm'grly 'beeziuse sol the leiideiie)Y pi the oil up of the vnrious pnrls. j\ iiotlier disadviintuge is the objeetioinible odor whieh is given ofiI under eonditioiis ot' iiieoinp'lele eoiiibiistioii. The high p; esure, under which the oil is fed und the'high temperatture under which it is vzipoi'ized hnve liere tofo'e presented almost unsurniouiitiible dif`- ficulties in keeping the pipe lines tight.

It is the object ol' the present invention to provide un iil 'burner of improved nndsiinplified ermstrnetion.

.lt is :i l'urtlier ohjert ol` the iiivtiiitioififto provide un improved pilot bui'nerf'or use Specification of Letters lateiit.`

Application ged October 2, 1915.

Paten ted Aug. 1918.

Serial No. 58,684.

iii eoniieetion with the main burner. It is idso un object of this invention to provide numerousl incidental improvements and especially im improved type of joint for reteininrr the hot o il and ni vapors.

`1n the :ierompnnying druwin s which form n port of the present Speel cation, I

have illustrated :is u preferred embodiment ot my invention, :i moin burner with a pilot therefor und the connections from the oil funk to the nuiin burner und to the pilot.

Figure lis ii plan view of the mein burner showing the pilot and oilpelheater in assembled position.

Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section of the sume.

Fig. 3 is n perspective View on nn en` hirged seule of the capillary tube for eoiidueting the heated oil tothe rnporizing surface.'

Fig. 4 is n front. elevation of the main and pilot burner.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical cross seetion of the'1.ii1otburner.

Fig. is n front elevation thereof.

Fig. 7 is :t side elevation thereof.

Fig. 8 is :i vertical cross section taken on the line S, 8 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is n` vertieul cross section taken on. the. line 9, 9 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 10 isii cross section taken through one ol' the vnporiziiig tubes und u mixing tube.

Fig. l1 is u detail view showing` thei vnporizing tubes in cross seetioii und the iiuiiiner of mounting the ends ot' the sume.

Fig. 12 is :i cross section ol one of the vnpor nozxles or tips und Fig. i3 is :i front elevation simihirto Fig. t showing the Jront plate removed for withdrawing the pilot burner.

'lhe problem ol eoiistrueting :in oil burner whjeh is to opernte ii'iterinilleiitly is e0inpliented by the neeess-ity of keeping the Vaporizing' sui'tnees hot during periods when the mitin hnilner is not in operation, s0 thnt upon :i demand for operation ot' the iiniin burner. the sinne emi imiiiedisitc'aly be put into service without, iiiiv espeeinl attention, sind without n dehiy sueh :is would be neeessitnted by healing..r the viiporizing surfaces. For this purpose n pilot. burner is eneriilly employed :ind the pilot burner is .in eonstunt operntiou. luelo the snnill dimensions of the pilot burner :md to the limited Splice in which it; must be conned, and the totally different class of service which it is supposed to furnish, the construction of the pilot, burner is ii'adically diiferent from that ol the main burner.

The main burner comprises the lmrner plate or casting l, which is provided with a series of ridges 2. which have transverse Slots 3, eut; therein for feeding the mixture of Oil vapr and air to the tiames in the tire box. The burner plate or casting 1, is sur rounded by a eireular or cylindrical shell 4, which is preferably constructed of a pair of Sheet metal piates 5 and (l shown more clearly in Fig. 2. 'lhe boiler or other object; to be heated, which I have shown diagrammatically at 7 in Fig. 2. rests upon the eas ing 4. The main vaporizing tubes 8 and tl which are secured at their front; ends to the burner block 1t), are supported at the rear or back end in asupporting casting 11, which is mounted upon the shell 4. The easting 11 is provided with a` pair of sockets 12 and 13 which receive the ends ot' the tubes t and Q, the sockets beingr tlared so that the tubes may readily be introduced even though they (lo noty come into exact, register with the sockets. The ends of the tubes H and l) are Closed by plugs o'l"` metal. 14 and l5. which are driven into the open ends of the tubes to make a impor-tight elosure. The plugs are provided with shoulders of about.' the diameter ot' the tube. s and 5) and are tapered outwardly as shown in Fig. 11 in order to malte the introduction of the ends ot' the tubes into the sockets l2 and 13 as easy and convenient as possible. The tubes 8. tl are secured in a block 1t)` either by a driving fit or by a screw thread connection which holds the end of the tube against the edge of the block in order to seeure a tight tit.

I wish to mention at this ioint that l have found that no reliance an )e placed upon :i Serew joint for eontainirg the oil vapors. since it is practically impossible lo make the internal and external screw threads fit each other ierfectly. and the hot oil or oil vapor will hud its way through the minuit-st; creviees.

The vaporizing tubes tu and t) are conneeted with the nozzles oiplispuds lt and 1T which discharge the oil iiapdts into the rorresponding passages 1H and 1t? ol' the vapor and air mixingl tubes.

The vaporizing tube t) is connected to its Corresponding nozzle l'. through-a passage 20, a eonnnunimiting passage l and the tube 23 which connects the spud and the 'passage 21. The. vaporizing tube H is connected to its spud 15G in asimilar manner. and the passages 20 timaougih the burner block are interconnected by the passageway Qi so that the pressure in the vaporizing tubes and in the spuds ma)I be equalized.

The nozzle 17 `eoinprises a block of metal which is tapered coni Ially at its rear end l and is Vliollowcdout so as to have a cirrular bore which connects with the tube Zl. The front of the hollow 'bore is closed odi4 b v a machine screw Ztl. the head ot' which is forced up against the end of the spud to malte a tiglft tit. 'lhe rear end ot the spud is pierced by an aperture or oril'ice for de liveriug the vapor in a jet at a comparatively high veloeity, In order to prevent clogging' up of the tip 2. l provide a screen 2T wound in cylindrical t'orm upon the spool :2t-i', the heads :Ztl and 8U ot' which tit within thc cylindrieal bore and close oil' connect ion between the pipe 23 and the tip :5 except. through the screen 2. '.lhespool :2H is slotted so that the \apor entering at the tube Jil is allowed to pass through the screen QT, through tht` slots in the spool 2H and out of the bore ot the spool to the tip 25. The spool )tl is smaller than the threaded part ot the screw t so that upon withdrawing the screw 2li the spool and screen may be withdrawn for cleaning purposes. A screw ill closes a cleaning apertures which is dircctly in line with the tube 23. With this arrangement ol' cleaning openings. it is possible to clean not only the tip :25. both from the inside and from the outside. but also to clean out tlie tube :38 it' so desired.

The passage 2t) is closed al its outer end by a screw 23:! so that the passage may be opened and el luned il' so desired. (lil is lied to the vaporif/.ing tubes ti' and El through a suitably7 slottedor reticulated tube ot' very .small bore. One toi-m ot'thetube 325 is shown on an enlarged scale in Fig. 35. lThe slot it which runs lengthwise ot' the tube delivers the oil in a very thin lilln to the bottom ot' the tube H or J as the case muy be 'lhc tube St is oll such diameter that its entire bore will always be filled when liquid is l`ed thereto. that is. it is a capillary tube benetirial result is obtained therelnI for two reasons. tirst because it will be practically impossible in the arrangement shown for \apor to be trapped in the tube. and second because the contents ot the tube is a mininuun1 and it b v accident any trapping should occur, the amount of oil that could be expelled and vaporiz/.ed would be as small as possible The vaporization is t'rom the surface of the tubes H or t). as the case may be. where a thin lihu ot the oil is formed. and due to the t'ree surface which this tiihn has. it passes otf readily into vapor The end ot' the tube 33 is fastened in the block ltl in communication with an oil passage 35 `which is clearly'shown in Fig. 1t). The oil passage 35 of eaelr of the vaporizing tubes eonneets with a transverse passage 3G whit-h in turn communicates with the oil supply pipe 37 clearly shown in Figs? 1 and 13.

The supply pipe 37 is connected to a piece of metal tubing, 38, which is preferably made of some soft metal so as to he slightly flexible. I have found that topper tubing is not entirely suitable and sott steel tubing is preferable. The tube 38 is connected through the valve 39 to the. pro-heater 40. The pre-heater consists of a loop or turn of tubing which is placed in the firehox above the main burner l. This pre-heatery tubo 40 is arranged on an upward incline lrom the admission end All throughout its entire length to the point of delivery to the valve 3U. The preheater is placed on an inoline so that. no trapping of liquid fuel will ooour at any point in ease of over-heating and formation of vapor Within the preheater .40. The oil in this pre-heater is to he brought to a temperature .alightly below the temperature of vaporization for the given pressure. The pro-heater lli in provided with an additional loop `Vl-tl which liesl ifiiietrtly over thv pilot burner- The. pilot lnii'zirfr whirh in :shown in lovin n in Fig i' oonipriisrii a pilot luid); ranting .tin bottoni ol' .vliiih i 1Vfflifli`ul in order in tho renti-iii vallo); or gi-omi: of' tlu .-lii'nur pluie l The* pilot linirni is pluri-fl diroi'liv hoiow the` main burner ialorlt lil and thiA adjacent endo' of the vaporizingf tubes'. .n und 5.". uiigglit inclinaiion so that ih irnd adiafont To thai lilorl( will lnthe luuiwii und and any oil whii'h will discharge into the vapori/.ing whew H, Si will Tend o inn toward tlu lowrl' ond' :uliinriit to tho oil inlet. "lhn pilot liui'nifr i@ plarod honi-alii the. lou'rrinoat end of the nooo nipoti/.ing tubos in order lo faf'iiiiatn vai iT/tation, rsperially upon Startingg ihn :nain burin-i. priws n V-Hhapid pilot liod ranting Al liariug' il ridge il interact-tml h v nuitnllh lwrt'n or fzlotf; 'll' Vl'or .lisf'harg'ing 1hr mixture oi air and vapor to tiulainwr u hiwh forni, alloro invul. Tin main raz-.ting lli oi the' piloi burner i roi'oii throughout. ity hngtllto forni a' inikinjIr and distributing' rhanilnu'. mixing and di.-.triliutn; tubo -li rereivostlio vapor l'i'mn ilu. now/ilo or oi-iliffe 4T, and mixes the anni with the air whirh is drawn in at the o n-n vnd ol' thu tulle shown ai the right of Fig 5. '.ino bottom of theI mixing lulu it in apertured as shown at 4R and the znixturo ot' air and gas or vapor passes down through the holes 4 and rirt-ulates around the outside of the mixing tube 46 and is diatributod to tho lots 45. The front end of: the .pilot burner cantinar shown in Fig. 5 in .vderod out to give a widor llame from ,ihn Slots 4f) whif'h are not in"- the top The vaporizing; tube` are ,given a' In. orderto provide for a proper diatriba tion of the mixture of vapor and air to the slots and 49, I have found it necessary to make special provision for preventing nu of mixture being fed to the innermost. slots 4-5 and a consequent lack of mixture at the Slots 49. The mining tube 46 is iliade of a diameter `greater than the` width of the Slotfiit and the left end ot' this tube an .shown in Fig. 5, is raised so that it comes very close to the Sides of the casting 43 and forms a restriction for the mixture. AS a eonsdi'iuenee the inner slots or kerfs, 45, are shut off to a greater or less extent and free passage is provided for the slots -L soV that they will rffzeive their pro ortionate share of the vapor and air disc nir ed into the mixing tube 46. Due to the ve ocity of the inroming vapor, the pressure is greater at the innermost end of the mixing tube than it "in at the point of entry otthe vapor. A5 a ronaequenoo it is neoessaryto thus restrict the patinage to the various slots in order t@ wrurr. an rvrn distribution of the Haine over the top of the burner. The innermost end of the mixing tribe 46 fits into a reoesa which is .clos-rd with a plastic mixture auch as Fornari' rement or the like. The bottom nl' the rusting 43 is drilled out to forni u pasaagr fil: which oornnnn'iirates by a verti ral paeuage 52 with the vaporizing tube 50. The vaporiai'ng tube is composed of soft sitoel and is seoured with irdr'lving fit into the passage in communication with the ohannel or passa-go The virporizing tube is inf-lineal1 asshown, in order to seeurf a fairly large Surface of vaporization without tiapping the liquid.. The discharge. end of the vaporizing tube 50 is fastened with a drivin@` fit into a soft. ateel block 53 which han` a uharnn-l. 54, closed at its outer and h v the screw 55 which in removable for vivan ing purposes. The passage oi /rhannolflt is in ronnnuniration with a vertical passage 5G, thil lower und ol' whirli is rlosed by a removable .srrew 5T for rlounino" purposes, This rhannol 56 ooininunii'atos ith thi ori lire or discharge now/.lr 47 which is arranged to llo governed by a Suitable noodle valve. 5S. the stein ot' which projrrts out through a paoking gland 55h and in, pfovidrd with a square end for adjustnumt or Cleaning. the tube 5() is subject to slight inovelniiint due to the expansion and contrai'tion ofthe vaporizing tube` 50. fore seated in a guiding,r recess in tho ont] of th rusting 43 and bodily movements of the block 53, 'are relieved of straining movement by a pin (30 which serves as n guido for preventing tilting of the hloulr 53 when the tube 5U contracts or expands. Expaw sion. nndrontriu-.tion .of this tube resulta in hodily puri-hing;` ont or withdr'awiiuzr of thv bloei( 53 without disturbing ita` alinement The. block 53 living secured toy ThinA block is theft-` with rvspvvt to thv mixing tuhv 4t?. Thv oritivv'l'i' is tornivd iii ii rvniovahlv plug til wliivh niay hv rviivwvd. '1`hv horv or vliiin` iivl 5l whvh rvvviyvs thv oil is votlllvvtvd hy a yshort nipplv (i2 through a suitahlv lilovlt till whivh hai` a pnrssag'v tlivrvthrongh vlosvd h v thv lvniovahlv niavhinv svi'vw (i4. i paasagv at right aug'lvs voniuiuuivatvs with thv tuhv (i5 and thv tuhv U5 iii liirn voiiiiiiiuiivatvs with a passagv iii thv union lilovk tt, thv paasag'v through wliivh is vlosvd hy thv svrvw UT. 'lhv lilovk tt is proridvd with svrvw thrvads at (h and a tapvrvd vouival tavv at titl. so that thv lanniv niay hv rvadily iiiiitvd to thv oil `aupply tnhv 7() (svv l `iv'. 2) whivh pasrivs luidvr thv niniu hnriivr vasiugr as shown in Fig. 2.

'l`hv iiinvr vnd ol thv pilot vastiug ttl is snpportvd iii onv otthv grroorvay in thv uiain huriivr vaating 1 and thv olitvr vnd ot' thv twisting' is p roridvd with grooi'va Tl and T2 wliivli rvg'iatvr with projvvtions Til :ind T4 fornivd iii thv housing T5 whivh surrounds thv hurnvr hlovh lll and thv outvr vnd ot' thv pilot hnruvr. Thv hliruvr lilovk ltl is vut away slightly at Tt' as shown in Fig. lil, in ordvr to vlvar thv liloi'k fil on thv oiitvi vnd ol' thvl pilot.

'l`hv t'ront ot' thv lionsiingr Ti'ris vorvrvd hy a platv 7T whivh vlosvs ott' thv front and protvvt's thv niain hurlivr and thv pilot hiunvr froni lvakag'v of air or drafts, Thu Short, tnhvs or uipplvs 2li which vonvvy thv Vapor from thv iiiain vaporizing tubvs H and t) to thv spuds lt and 1T rvst in opvn I@lots in thv hottoin of thv housint,r T5.

Thv part ot' thv slot whivh is not tillvd hy thv vorrvspondingl tnhv :23 is plnggvd with vvnivnt TS or thv likv to uniliv it air-tight. or suhstantially`so. Thv havk part ot' thv hour h ing Tf is providvd with a thing'v Tt) whivh is Hvvnrvd hvtwvvn thv platvsl and t ot' thv, vasingf 4. Thv t'ront plat'v 77 is providvd with :ui apvi'tnrv to allow' thv opvrator to rivw thv vondition of thv pilot light and ot thv uiain hnrnvi'. thia apvraturv living normally vlosvil ott' h v Htl. whivh is pivotvd at H1.

Thv luain Vaporizvr and thv vntirv pilot; hurnvr arv rvadily avvvssihlv. ily' disvonnvvting' thv oil supply pipv and loosvning' the front platv 7T whivh is livld hy a pair 'ot' svrvwnIv a@ shown iu Fig. t. thv niain vaporizvr and thv pilot hurnvr inay hv withdrawn as a unit. or thvyI iiiay hv withdrawn svparntvlfii.` 'l`hv various parts niay hv thvn vxaiiiinvd and thv yarioul passagvs fvadily clvanvd hy rvnii-iring thv nivhinv svrvws which arv stationvd at v\vry iifiklv So that vlvaning is poxsihlv along vavh and vi'vry passar'v. "l`hv joints whivh l vniploy hvtwvvu thv pivvvs of tuhing and thv othvr parts are niailv hy a driving' titland l tiud that thvsv joinh arv |ivrl`vvtly tight vvvn whvrv thv vonnvvtvd part` arv Suhjvvtvd to hvatilig.

to livating't a ainall ornanivntal platv I`hv rvlativv expansion ot vast iron and of soft .vtvvl ot wliivh thv parts` arv voniponvd, is so nvnrly thv saniv. and thv parts ai'v in suvh vloav niolvvulai' vontavt. that thv joints are not hrolivii liy vontravtion and vxpansion duv although thvy may rvadily liv hrokvn, it' it ia dvsirvd to lavparatv thv parts.

n thv vonstruvtion ot' thv above bnrnvr aud pilot, partcula attvution has hvvn paid to thv prvivnt'ion ot any trapping that. would hv lili'vly to .ovvur in any parts ot' thv oil and vapor passagvs. and a hin-nvr and pilot giving' an vrvii and intvnsv hvatI is thv, rvsult. Siu-ring in thv pilot hnruvr is pravtivally prvrvntvd hy thv inclination ot thv pasaagvs. thv passagv 51 is loiiiivd on an inrlination and thv passagv 5t) is a continuation ot thv saiiiv, as a rvsnltz` tlivrv is no tvndvnvy for thv oil to varhonizv at anygpamynlar point and thv passage-s alway y rvniain t'rvv and vlvar.

r|"hv arrangvnivut oi' thv Yvnturi tubes. at thv vnds otl thv mixing tnhv is adi'antagvous in that dnrinV .svi'vivv whvn thv vapor is vocal; ing t'roin thv oritivv in thv spnds 1li and 1t a niaxinuun quantity of air will bv drawn in` duvto thv high \vlovit v of thv jvt living plat-vd substantially at thv inofzt vonstrictvd pil'rt ot' thv vvnturi. ll'hvn thv main hnrnvr is ahnt ott' and no vapor vsvaping from the spnds 16 and 1T. a ininiinnni amount ot' air will pa through thv niixinp; tubes and livnvv thv vvioling' vti'vvt upon the vapol'izer and thv lioilvr ahovv duv to thv motion ot' thv var will hv :i minimum.

ltl van hv Hvvn t'i'oui thv ahovv description that l haiv providvd a hnrnvi" and a pilot thvrvt'or vharavtvrizvd hy' vtiivivnvy, 'fl'evdoin t'roiii siirg'inf. frvvdoin troni varhonization1 vonrviiivinfv ot' niannt'avtnrv. reliability in avtion and avvvssihility for thv pnrposvs ol adjnstnivnt or rvpaii. I havv dvsvrihvd thv niruvr and pilot ar; vinploying' kvrosvnv oil hut. it is to hv undvrstootl that any othvr liquidt'nvl inay he vinliloyvd.

What 1 claim is:

V1. In vonihinatiou a burner block, a ya porizing` tuhv haviulg` voiiiniunivation with said hurnvr hlovli. said tuhv hviup.r vlosvd :it ouv vnd. a vapillary tuhv havingr an opvning through ith4 sidv walls t'or distributing.r oil io hv vaporizvd along thv Sidva of said Vaporizing tnhv and a hnrnvr jvt vonnvvtvd to said raporiziug tuhv through said hlovk.

In voinhination a hnrnvr hlovlt. a yaporiziug tnhv haringl vonnuunivatiou thvrvwith.ra vapillary tubv lying!l within said vapoljiz/.iiir tnhv for supplying oil in a thin tihii upon said vaporizing tnliv. yaid vapillary tnliv having coinninnivatioii through said hlovlt. and a burnvr ivt vonniinnivating' with lSaid vaporizing tuhv through said blovlt, said vaporiziug tnhv having it` iniivr vnd closed, said vnd hv Alg riiiavd ahoyv thv outer end. 

